INFOPESCA Internacional 13

THE TRADE OF THE MAIN BIVALVES SPECIES IN EUROPE
By Alessandro Lovatelli
The world market for bivalves has increased enormously from the second half of the 20th Century, and this largely responds to the aquaculture expansion. However, most of this trade has taken place within the European countries. The author describes the production and trade of bivalves, especially of oysters, mussels, scallops and clams in Europe. Although the study is mainly focused in the EU origined products, the future prospects for bivalves from outside the region is also considered.

INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN AQUACULTURE PRODUCTS - CHINA
By Chen Shuping
Aquaculture plays an important role in China's insertion in the world trade of fishery products. While being the world's largest producer, there are still issues that need to addressed to assure and maintain the current position of this Nation.

LATIN AMERICAN SARDINE: CATCHES, PROCESSING AND TRADING
By José A. Quiñones B.
Small pelagic represent a primordial resource to many regions in Latin America, as they have allowed the developement and continuity of large fishing industries. A lot has been written about anchovy and Jack mackerel, mainly regarding their importance as raw materials for the fishmeal industry. The author focuses now in sardine, a valuable resource with very high nutritional and technological properties, with a particular approach on its use for productos for direct human consumption.

WORLD MARKETS FOR TILAPIA
By Steffania Vannuccini
Tilapia was once produced and consumed mostly in traditional markets like Africa and Asia, but in recent years it has gained a wider acceptance, mainly in the USA and Europe. It is set to grow further as it holds good potential as a substitute for many whitefish species, which stocks are currently in a low- supply situation.

SUB-REGIONAL AGREEMENTS FOR FISHERY MANAGEMENT IN THE SOUTHWESTERN ATLANTIC OCEAN.
By Enrique Bertullo
Fishery management is no doubt one of the main issues nowadays, not only because it forms part of the responsible fishing policies, but also because the economies of the coastal countries strongly depend on it. In Latin America, and long before the Convention on the Law of the Sea was held, there had been already some effective agreements between bordering countries, many of which had been promoted by the FAO. In this first part, the author makes a review of the CARPAS, an agreement involving Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay, and explain some reasons why the agreement could be put it into force again.

FISH CULTURE IN THE INSHORE CARIBBEAN PACIFIC AREAS IN COLOMBIA. PRESENT AND OUTLOOK.
By Jorge E. Mercado-Silgado and Ricardo Alvarez-León.
In this second and last part of the review starting in the last issue, the article provides a synthesis of results obtained from research in the Colombian Caribbean in period 1980-2001. Many species groups are the object of this research, namely tilapias, catfish, snappers and mullets, among others. Activities included re-stocking of inshore areas, adaptation of marine species to freshwater conditions and viceversa, as well as the determination of the optimum densities for stocking.

SUSTAINABLE SHRIMP FARMING: ISSUES AND NON- ISSUES
By George Chamberlain
Shrimp farming has become a contentious issue especially regarding sustainability, environment, production and market. In the early stages, shrimp farming depended heavily of natural resources and inputs. As the industry advanced, use of natural inputs steadily declined, in favour of modified and manufactured inputs for better control and efficiency. However, the industry has been subject to criticisms widely, and it was claimed that developing the global shrimp industry is environmentally destructive and unsustainable. The author critically examines the various issues faced by the industry to determine the real issues and non-issues.